Gorbachev'sPerestroika: a last-ditch attempt to renovate socialism and
save the Soviet Union
1991
The Soviet Union is dissolved. The Russian
Federation emerges as its main successor state. In addition, 14 new
independent states are formed on Russia's former imperial
fringes
1992-1999
Yeltsin's
liberal reforms: the foundations for the command economy and the
one-party dictatorship are dismantled and the institutional
framework of a capitalist democracy is established
2000-2008
Putin's "neo-authoritarian
stabilisation": a stabilisation of the political and economic
order
2009-
Medvedev's
attempt to shift towards a moderate state-shaped
modernisation process, accompanied by a constrained liberal
democratisation project
