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despite the difference of approach, however, both plans envisaged a
centralized state with all the prerogatives of power concentrated in
the hands of the central party bodies. to the bolsheviks, whether
they supported lenin抯 or stalin抯 viewpoint, and to the two leaders
themselves, the class approach took priority over everything else.
what really mattered was to find a solution to the nationalities
issue that would help to advance the main strategic objective梩he
establishment of a socialist unitary state. |
lenin抯 proposal was more in tune with the slogans of communist
propaganda and the goal of a world revolution. lenin saw the soviet union as a
bridgehead, from which the world revolution would begin to expand, incorporating
ever-new national entities, into a 揝ocialist united states of the world.?/span>
lenin抯 plan emphasized the
equality of the republics and opened the door to new countries to
join the union. the invitation to other states to become members of
the ussr was even incorporated in the first soviet constitution,
adopted in 1924. according to the constitution, the ultimate goal of
setting up the soviet union was 搖niting all the working people of
all the countries?into one suprastate梐 揥orld socialist soviet
republic.?formally, the union was 搊pen?both ways: republics were
free to join, and they also had the right to secede. however, no
legal mechanism was provided to enable the republics to exercise the
right to leave.
the
central committee approved lenin抯 plan, and the administrative form
of the communist state took the shape of a federation, based on
national ethnic groups. the ethnolinguistic principle of carving up
administrative territories contradicted russia抯 demographic
realities: in many of its parts the ethnic mix of populations was
too complex to allow a straightforward division of the territory
into separate ethnolinguistic units. the task was particularly
difficult in central asia, where linguistic and ethnic diversity was
especially profuse. many ethnic communities found themselves
arbitrarily divided between different republics, regions, or
territories. for example, the autonomous territory of
nagorno-karabakh was always largely populated by armenians but was
ceded to azerbaijan by stalin in 1921.
